倒装句[定稿].docVIP

倒装句 1. 倒装句的定义 英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，就叫做倒装。 2. 倒装句的构成 a) 完全倒装: 将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。 Are you from here? 你是本地人吗？ Now comes the chance. 机会来了。 b) 部分倒装: 只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装。(即疑问语序) Has he come? Only in this way can we do the work better. 3. 倒装的原因 a) 句子语法结构的需要。 Did you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗？ b) 一些句型的固定用法。 Such were his last words. 他最后的话就是这样。 c）强调的需要。倒装以后，句子更加流畅生动。例如： Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。 Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。 Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。 4. 倒装句的基本用法 全部否定 1. here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等表示地点、方位、时间的副词放在句首时，谓语全部倒装。 谓语常用lie, stand, come, go等词。 Away went the crowd one by one. 人们一个一个地离去。Here comes our teacher! 我们的老师来了！ 【注意】如果主语是人称代词，主语和谓语不须倒装。 例：There he comes. 他来了。 Away they hurried. 他们急忙走开了。 2.表示地点、时间的介词短语放在句首时，谓语全部倒装。 Beyond the river lives an old fisherman. On the top of the hill stands an old temple. 部分否定 1.构成疑问句（除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊疑问句外）：即疑问语序 Who will give us the lecture on English grammar next weekend? Have you seen the film? 2. only+介词短语 / adv. / 状语从句放在句首时 Only then did he realize his mistakes. Only when I left home did I realize the love of my parents. Only in this way can you learn Maths well. 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。 3.否定意义的副词never, nor, little, hardly…(when), rarely, no sooner…than, not until, not only…but also…., not + n.等放在句首时: Not a single word did he say about my absence from the meeting. Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能给你礼物。 Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests. 【注意】 （1）not until 与it was not until的区别 Not until yesterday did I learn the bad news. = It was not until yesterday that I learnt the bad news. （2）not until 与not only… but also倒装的区别 Not until my father came back did I stop crying. 前 后 Not only did I miss the last train, but also lost my suitcase.