-动词不定式.docVIP

不定式 一、不定式的形式： 主动结构：用来表示不定式的动作与其逻辑主语之间存在着主谓关系，即主动关系 一般式 to doI happened to witness the accident just now. They went to Beijing to visit the Great Wall.表示不定式的动作或状态与谓语动作同时发生或发生在其后完成式 to have doneThey seemed to have known the news. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.表示谓语动作发生在谓语之前进行式 to be doingHe pretended to be reading when I came in. He is said to be studying aboard.强调谓语动作发生时，不定式动作正在进行完成进行式 to have been doingYou seem to have been playing computer games. The boy pretended to have been studying.强调不定式的动作在谓语动作发生之前一直在进行被动结构：用来表示不定式的动作与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系，即被动关系。 一般式 to be doneI hope to be chosen to join in the game. My bike needs to be repaired.完成式 to have been doneThe fire is reported to have been put out. He seems to have been praised by our teacher. 不定式的句法功能 1. 不定式作主语：常用来强调将来的动作或一件事，也可表示一般性和经常性的动作。谓语动词一般用单数。如： ? To go to college is my dream. ? To learn English well in a short time is impossible. 2. 不定式作宾语：常见的只能接不定式作宾语的动词及短语有： afford :___________agree :___________ask :___________attempt :___________beg :___________choose :___________decide :___________demand :___________determine :___________expect :___________fail :___________happen :___________help :___________hope :___________long :___________manage :___________offer :___________pretend :___________prepare :___________promise :___________refuse :___________want :___________wish :___________would like :___________would love :__________ 3. 不定式作宾补：作补语的不定式常分为带to的不定式和不带to的不定式 常接to do作宾补的动词： *advise :___________*allow :___________ask :___________beg :___________cause :___________choose :___________drive :___________*encourage :_________enable :___________expect :___________*forbid :___________force :___________get :___________help :___________invite :___________like :___________order :___________*permit :___________persuade :___________prefer :___________request :___________require :___________remind :___________teach :___________tel