PositiveandNegative案例.ppt

正说与反说; 在C-E翻译时，对原文某个词语或句子既可采用正说，也可采用反说。;　　正说与反说互相转换的现象很多，转换的主要原因有以下三种：; Men only weep when deeply hurt. Men never weep unless and until deeply hurt. 如果没有他的帮助，我早就失败了。 But for his help, I should have failed. 二、为了加强语气以便获得较好的修辞效果 这个惨痛的历史教训，我们一定要永远记取， 引以为戒。 No one must ever forget this bitter lesson and we must all take warning from it. ;我们的国家兴旺发达，后继有人。 Our country is flourishing and has no lack of successors. 三、为了更加确切地表达原文含义。 他这几年一直是全勤。 He has never missed a day’s work for years. 正如没有经历过大事的人一样，他是经不起成功也经不起失败的。 Like those of little experience, he was easily elated by success and deflated by failure. ;英语中含否定或半否定语气的词语; 他不发表意见，听任其他人在那里夸夸其谈。 Withholding his opinion for the moment, he listened to others holding forth. 2. 名词：absence, failure, refusal, neglect, ignorance, exclusion等。 他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. 我完全不知道他的计划。 We are in complete ignorance of his plan. ;3、形容词和形容词短语：few, little, free from, far from, safe from, short of等等。 这次演出根本没有失败，而是十分成功。 The show was far from being a failure, it was a great success. 4、副词和副词短语：little, otherwise, too…to等等。 他显然有不同的想法。 He evidently thinks otherwise. ;5、连词：unless, before, until, rather than, or等等。 不了解这一点，就不能得到起码的知识。 Unless we grasp this point we shall never be able to acquire even elementary knowledge. 他宁愿饿死，不愿行窃。 He will die of hunger before he steals.;6、介词和介词短语：without, above, except, beyond, instead of, in place of, out of 等等。 社会主义无疑比资本主义优越。 Socialism is beyond doubt superior to capitalism. 我要铅笔，不要钢笔。 I want a pencil instead of a pen. ;含半否定语气的词语：seldom, hardly, barely, scarcely, rarely等。;介绍几个隐形的否定结构;A good passage depend on...;1. more...than to do; 1. We should be more sensible than to do .....我们应该很明智，不应该... ;2. It is the last thing for sb to do... that... ;我们最不应该做的事情就是...破坏环境 (damage the environment) 消费者最不应该做的事情就是... 青少年学生最不应该做的事情就是... 大学生最不应该做的事情就是... 父母最不应