考试科目620英语语言学.docVIP

考试科目：620英语语言学 复习要求： 要求考生熟悉语言和语言学的本质以及英语语言学发展的来龙去脉，掌握英语语言学中的基本概念、基础理论、分科和流派观点，能准确和流畅地借用英语语言学中的理论诠释现实生活中的语言文化问题与现象。 二、主要复习内容： 1、What Is Language? 重点：origins of language; properties and design features of language; development of written language. 2、What Is Linguistics? 重点：definition of linguistics; scope of linguistics; some important distinctions in linguistics; traditional vs modern linguistics; descriptive vs prescriptive grammar; langue vs parole; competence vs performance; synchronic vs diachronic linguistics; functionalism vs formalism. 3、Phonetics and Phonology 重点：definition of phonetics; organs of speech; place and manners of articulation; broad and narrow transcriptions; classification of English vowels and consonants; liaison; definition of phonology; phone, phoneme, and allophone; phonemic contrast, complementary distribution, distinctive features; and minimal pair and sets; some rules in phonology like sequential rules, assimilation rules, and deletion rules; suprasegmental features like stress, tone and intonation, and their functions in communication 4、Morphology 重点：definition of morphology; free and bound morphemes; derivational vs and inflectional; morphological rules; morphs and allomorphs; word-formation processes like coinage, borrowing, compounding, blending, clipping, backformation, conversion, acronym, derivation, prefixes, suffixes, and infixes. 5、Grammar / Syntax 重点：types of grammar / syntax; definition of grammar / syntax; parts of speech / word classes; traditional grammar, grammatical categories, and grammatical analysis; the prescriptive and descriptive approaches; structural and immediate constituent analysis; transformational generative grammar; systemic functional grammar; labeled and bracketed sentences; basic components of a sentence; types of sentences; linear and hierarchical structures of sentences; lexical and phrasal categories; grammatical relations; combinational rules; syntactic movement and movement rules; general p