2030年的交通：应对可持续性挑战.pptVIP

Congestion can never be eliminated, but its adverse impacts can be mitigated. Congestion occurs when infrastructure capacity is inadequate to accommodate demand at a particular point in time. It manifests itself in two related ways. The average time required to complete a typical trip lengthens, and the variability in trip time increases significantly. Transport users can offset the first (at additional cost) by increasing the time they allow for the trip. But the second is much more difficult and expensive to offset since it cannot be predicted (except perhaps in a statistical sense.) Reduci