（新课标）高中英语 Module 5 Philosophers of ancient China Period Four Grammar课件 外研版.pptVIP

(2)表示对比关系的词语主要有unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast和while等。如： A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones. 【分析】 该句中并未出现上面提到的表示对比关系的词语，但是通过上下文可以判断出the adept workers和the unskilled ones是对比关系，即把熟练工人与非熟练工人区分开。这时我们也能够推断出生词adept的词义，即“熟练的”。 根据比较关系猜测词义 Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious 【分析】 该句中的副词similarly表明loves to talk与生词loquacious之间是比较关系。由此可以推断出loquacious的词义为”健谈的”。表示比较关系的词语主要有similarly, like, just as, also等。 2． 根据因果关系猜测词义 在句子或段落中，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推断生词词义。如： Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. 【分析】 根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以推断出生词autocratic，表示“独断专行的”。 There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd. 3． 【分析】 此句含有so.…that引导的结果状语从句，根据句中的描述”有那么多示威者”，我们便可推知elbow的词义为”挤，挤过”。 根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义 在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境推断生词词义。如： Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future. 4． 【分析】 为避免重复使用endanger 一词，句子中使用了其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此可推知其词义为“使……陷入困境，危及，危害”。 Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful. 【分析】 句中detrimental是个生词，但根据harmful和detrimental的替代关系，我们不难推断出其词义为“不利的，有害的”。 重点语法精析 解码书面表达 勤思巧学园地 作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词(或代词)之后，这种名词(或代词)被称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词被称为关系代词或关系副词。 Module 5 Philosophers of ancient China Period Four Grammar：Defining attributive clauses Defining attributive clauses：of whom/in which课件（外研版必修3，课标通用） 限制性定语从句 一、关系代词的用法 关系代词及其在从句中所作的成分 关系代词 指代 在定语从句中充当的成分 人 物 句子 主语 宾语 表语 定语 who √ √ √ √ whom √ √ that √ √ √ √ √ which √ √ √ √ √ whose √ √ √ as √ √ √ √ √ √ Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？ He is the man( whom/ that)I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。 Can you show me the photo which/that was taken in the