A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread whea.pdf

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A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread whea.pdf

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A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread whea

Theor Appl Genet (2004) 109: 1105–1114 DOI 10.1007/s00122-004-1740-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Daryl J. Somers . Peter Isaac . Keith Edwards A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Received: 4 March 2004 / Accepted: 25 May 2004 / Published online: 29 July 2004 # Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract A microsatellite consensus map was constructed by joining four independent genetic maps of bread wheat. Three of the maps were F1-derived, doubled-haploid line populations and the fourth population was ‘Synthetic’ × ‘Opata’, an F6-derived, recombinant-inbred line popula- tion. Microsatellite markers from different research groups including the Wheat Microsatellite Consortium, GWM, GDM, CFA, CFD, and BARC were used in the mapping. A sufficient number of common loci between genetic maps, ranging from 52 to 232 loci, were mapped on different populations to facilitate joining the maps. Four genetic maps were developed using MapMaker V3.0 and JoinMap V3.0. The software CMap, a comparative map viewer, was used to align the four maps and identify potential errors based on consensus. JoinMap V3.0 was used to calculate marker order and recombination distances based on the consensus of the four maps. A total of 1,235 microsatellite loci were mapped, covering 2,569 cM, giving an average interval distance of 2.2 cM. This consensus map represents the highest-density public microsatellite map of wheat and is accompanied by an allele database showing the parent allele sizes for every marker mapped. This enables users to predict allele sizes in new breeding populations and develop molecular breeding and genomics strategies. Introduction The value of crop species genetic maps has steadily increased from when they were first introduced in the 1980s. Wheat molecular genetic maps first comprised RFLP markers (Chao et al. 1989; Devos et al. 1993; Devos and Gale 1997) and over time, PCR-based markers became the dominant marker type for genetic map construction, includi