DNA Repair Xuefeng Pan DNA 修复.pdfVIP

21 The Gratuitous Repair on Undamaged DNA Misfold Xuefeng Pan1,2, Peng Xiao1, Hongqun Li2, Dongxu Zhao1 and Fei Duan2 1School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 2Health Science Center, Hebei University, Baoding China A Paradox of Life B-DNA is needed for maintenance of genetic stability, while it will convert into non-B DNA in replication, repair, transcription or recombination, leading to exposure of bases, single strands, and even introduction of distortions. All these could intrigue gratuitous repair on undamaged DNA using the conventional repair, recombination mechanisms. Repair or not Repair, turns to be a question? 1. Introduction In natural genomes, tens of DNA structure analogous to B-DNA conformation have been found to be formed through compiling weak interacting forces, including hydrophobic, Van der Waals and hydrogen-bond accepters and donors and inductions of certain agents (Rao et al., 2010). Of which, hairpins, cruciform junctions, Z-DNA, G-tetrads/quadruplexes, helices, loops and bulges are most studied so far. Since the late 1950s, the roles of the non-B DNA structures in biological functions have begun to be enlightened (Watson Crick, 1953; Wilkins et al., 1953a, 1953b; Svozil et al., 2008). Piling up results suggest that non-B conformations, such as cruciforms, triplexes, tetraplexes, can interact with proteins involving DNA metabolism, including replication, gene expression and recombination, or influence nucleosomes and other supramolecular structures formation (Wang Griffith, 1996; Shimizu et al. 2000). However, non-B DNA secondary structures may also be treated as DNA mis-folds by DNA repair systems. Because of which the non-B DNA secondary structures can serve as end points for several types of genome rearrangements seen in some diseases (Wang Vasquez, 2006; Wells, 2007; Bacolla Wells, 2009; Chen et al., 2010). 2. DNA sequences which are susceptible to abnormal folding The n