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Lecture 09(Brownfield Investments in CEE )
BROWNFIELD INVESTMENTS IN CEE
Imre Konyári
Investments in CEE
Lecture 9
OUTLINE
Definition
FDI (recap)
Types
Drivers
Geographical pattern
FDI in CEE
Modes of FDI entry
Acquisition
Greenfield
Brownfield
Models of entry mode choice 2
AS A TYPE OF REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT / 1
Greenfield site:
A site that has NOT been
built on before.
Often rural / countryside
areas.
Brownfield site:
A site that has been built on
before.
Normally associated with
urban areas.
AS A TYPE OF REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT / 2
Greenfield site:
Often on the edge of towns and cities less
congestion, more pleasant environment, more space
and room to expand
Light industry and things like Science Parks favour
out of town locations
New sites are easier to build on as there is a fresh
start more attractive to retail parks, housing
developers etc.
Brownfield site:
More sustainable
Infrastructure already exists: no need for new
drainage, electricity, roads etc.
Public transport is provided
4
Entry forms of FDI:
Mergers acquisitions
Greenfield investments
AS AN ENTRY FORM OF FDI
Brownfield investments
Joint ventures
BUT... What is actually FDI? 5
(Lecture 1)
a) Financial investments:
Funds used for the acquisition of non-productive
assets in financial markets
Types:
BASIC CATEGORIES OF INVESTMENTS / 1
Bank deposits
Securities issued by financial institutions and private and
governmental institutions
Widely accessible: less entry barriers. For instance,
no need for knowledge in automobile industry to buy
shares of an automotive company.
When capital goes abroad: International portfolio
investment
6
b) Real investments (~projects):
Funds used directly for the acquisition of productive
(i.e., real) assets
Types:
Tangible: buildings, plants, equipments
BASIC CATEGORIES OF INVESTMENTS / 2
Intangible: expenditures on technical know-how,
research and development, training
The acquisition of a firm is also considered to
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