the development of free verse.pptVIP

The Development of Free Verse Originator(创世纪人) Generally, we think it is Walt Whitman, the famous American poet , who creates free verse. His magnum opus (代表作) is Leaves of Glass. The new development of free verse 1.the end of 19th century, established 2.in the 20th,esp. World War, the era of the intensive use 3.Representatives: T.S.Eliot, D. H.Lawrence, Ezra Pound, E.E.Cuming. William Carlos Williams, Allen Ginsberg(1926-1997), John Berryman. As the name vers libre suggests, this technique of using more irregular cadences is often said to be derived from the practices of 19th-century French poets such as Gustave Kahn and Jules Laforgue in his Derniers vers of 1890.Taupin, the USA based French poet/critic concluded that free verse and vers libre are not synonymous, since The French language tends to give equal weight to each spoken syllable, whereas English syllables vary in quantity according to whether stressed or unstressed.[8] The sort of cadencing that we now recognize as a variety of free verse can be traced back at least as far as the King James Bible[citation needed]. By referring to Psalms it is possible to argue that free verse in English first appeared in the 1380s in the John Wycliffe translation of the Psalms and was repeated in different form in most biblical translations ever since. Walt Whitman, who based his long lines in Leaves of Grass on the phrasing of the King James Bible, influenced later American free verse practitioners, notably Allen Ginsberg.[citation needed] One form of free verse was employed by Christopher Smart in a long poem called Jubilate Agno, written sometime between 1759 and 1763 but not published until 1939. In France, a few pieces in Arthur Rimbauds prose poem collection Illuminations were arranged in manuscript in lines, rather than prose and in the Netherlands, tachtiger (i.e. member of 1880s generation of innovative poets) Frederik van Eeden employed the form at least once (in his poem Waterlelie [water lily][10]). Goe