TI 1250 Lampblack 101 Lampblack 101 Beads.pdfVIP

creating essentials Technical Information No. 1250 1-1250-2 / June06 Lamp Black 101 Lamp Black 101 Beads creating essentials 1-1250-2 / June06 TI 1250 Page 2 Content 1 Manufacturing Process 3 2 Nanoparticle Product Properties 4 3 Colouristic Properties of Lamp Black 101 6 4 Purity of Lamp Black 7 5 Further Information 8 6 Literature and Sources 9 creating essentials 1-1250-2 / June06 TI 1250 Page 3 1 Manufacturing Process The liquid raw material, or possibly melted raw mat- erial, is placed in a cast iron dish and ignited. It initi- ally burns when air is admitted to a fi reproof refract- ory hood, which is thus heated up. Owing to the build-up of radiated heat in the hood the raw mater- ial now begins to distil, and pyrolysis commences in the gaseous phase. After cooling down the resulting pigment black is separated out of the process gas fl ow with the aid of fi lters. The pigment black developing with exclu- sion of oxygen manifests a characteristic, wide distribution of primary particles (see also Figure 4), is relatively coarse and has a medium structure. A single lamp black agg- regate is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1: Diagramm of the lamp black process Figure 2: Lamp Black 101 aggregate, FESEM (Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy) image (magnifi cation 50,000 times) (1) The lamp black process is the oldest method of manufacturing industrial carbon blacks and nowadays it is still used only by a few manu- facturers. Figure 1 shows a diagram of how the process works. creating essentials 1-1250-2 / June06 TI 1250 Page 4 2 Nanoparticle Product Properties A major factor in describing the colouristic pro- perties of pigment is the so-called mean pri- mary particle size which is usually within the nanometre range. The terms primary particle, aggregate and agglomerate are explained in DIN 53 206 and Figure 3. Verification of mean primary particle size is perf