论水利工程建设对环境的影响及对策.doc

环境学概论及水环境保护课程论文 题目： 水利工程建设对生态环境的影响及对策 学院： 水利与土木工程学院 专业： 水利水电工程 班级： 水工114班 学号： 113832420 姓名： 陆海 2 0 1 4 年 5 月 2 5 日 新疆农业大学 水利工程建设对环境的影响及对策 The impact on the environment and Countermeasures of construction of water conservancy project 陆海 113832420 (新疆农业大学 水利与土木工程学院 水利水电工程114班) 【摘要】:我国的水利工程建设是为消除水害和开发利用水资源而修建的工程,通过控制和调配自然界的地表水和地下水，达到除水害兴水利的目的,不仅能促进我国防洪、除涝、灌溉、发电、供水、围垦、水土保持的发展，而且在促进资源合理利用也发挥了重要的作用。然而，任何事情都有它的两面性，水利工程建设在促进发展的同时，也存在极大的弊端，其中最主要的因素就是对生态环境的影响，因此，近年来，我国一直提倡工程与生态协调发展，一个工程的成败不仅仅体现在技术方面对生活的造福，更多聚焦于工程对生态环境影响的消除程度与可持续发展。 【关键词】：水利水电工程 生态环境 影响 对策 【Abstract】: water conservancy project construction in our country is built for the elimination of water and development and utilization of water resources and engineering, through the surface water and groundwater control and deployment of nature, to achieve the purpose of water conservancy except water, not only can promote the development of Chinas flood control, drainage, irrigation, power generation, water supply, reclamation, soil and water conservation to promote the rational use of resources, but also play an important role in. However, everything has its two sides, the construction of water conservancy project in promoting development and at the same time, there are also great ills, influence factors, of which the most important is to ecological environment. Therefore, in recent years, China has always advocated engineering and ecological development, a project is not only benefit for life in the aspect of technology, more and more focused on the project on the ecological environment of the elimination of the influence degree and sustainable development. 【keyword】: the influence of water conservancy and hydropower project on the ecological environment countermeasures 1.水利工程建设的分类概述及对环境影响 1.1水利工程分类 1.1.1防洪工程 防止旱、涝、渍灾为农业生产服务的农田水利工程,或称灌溉和排水工程;将水能转化为电能的水力发电工程；改善和创建航运条件的航道