机械防砂筛管挡砂介质堵塞机制及堵塞规律试验讲解.pptx

机械防砂筛管挡砂介质堵塞机制及堵塞规律试验;摘要: 针对防砂井由于机械筛管及砾石层等挡砂介质被堵塞而造成低产或停产的情况，开展防砂井挡砂介质堵塞机制研究，提出非充填带的桥架充填堵塞机制和挡砂介质内部桥架堵塞机制。利用机械筛管微观驱替堵塞模拟试验装置对机械筛管多层滤网挡砂层的堵塞过程、堵塞机制及影响规律进行系统的试验模拟，研究影响挡砂筛网堵塞程度的主要因素及其影响规律。结果表明: 生产时间、出砂速度、粉细砂含量、泥质含量、原油黏度等是影响挡砂介质堵塞过程及堵塞程度的主要因素; 试验结果揭示了挡砂介质堵塞程度与影响因素之间的定性和定量规律; 试验数据可以通过拟合用于建立挡砂介质堵塞渗透率比与上述参数之间的定量经验关系模型，进一步预测特定地质与生产条件下防砂井挡砂介质堵塞程度随生产时间的变化规律。 关键词: 防砂; 机械筛管; 挡砂介质; 堵塞机制; 堵塞规律; 试验研究 中图分类号: TE 358． 1 文献标志码: A doi: 10． 3969/j． issn． 1673-5005． 2011． 05． 015;Abstract: The productivity of sand control wells tends to decrease considerably due to the gradual blocking of sand retention media in screen or gravel-pack by formation fines and others． Aimed at the above problem，the blocking mechanism of screen porous media was studied，which concerns non-packed cavity outside screen bridge packing mechanism and the mechanism of inner bridge blocking of screen media． The blocking process，blocking mechanism and affecting regularity of multi-layer sand retention media were simulated by a visual blocking simulation experimental apparatus． The experimental results indicate that the production time，sand production rate，fines content in formation sand，clay content，oil viscosity are the main factors to affect the blocking process． The qualitative and quantitative relationships between the above factors and the final blocking damage degree are presented by using the experimental data，which can be used to fit the empirical formula describing the above relationships． Its very helpful to predict the variation of sand retention media blocking degree with the production time under given reservoir and production conditions． Key words: sand control; mechanical screen; sand retention media; blocking mechanism; blocking law; experimental study;疏松砂岩油藏防砂井的生产实践表明，挡砂介质( 机械筛管的挡砂层和砾石层) 的堵塞已经逐步成为困扰防砂井正常生产的主要问题之一［1］。防砂井生产过程中，地层流体携带地层细砂、机械杂质、黏土泥质等固相堵塞物冲击挡砂介质，如果固相介质不能顺利通过挡内部; 如无法排出则会造成挡砂层渗透率降低，形成堵塞，进而严重影响油井产量。关于防砂井堵塞机制的研究目前主要集中在较厚的挡砂砾石层的堵塞机制方面［2-5］，主要通过试验手段研究地层细砂在砾石层多孔介质中的侵入和运移机制，单纯分析地层砂粒径、侵入量及侵入厚度对