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ALKANE Number of Isomers The compounds now assigned the generic??generic???－??简明英汉词典 [d??ner?k]adj.?属的;类的;一般的 name alkane are also referred to as saturated hydrocarbons and as paraffin ??paraffin???－??简明英汉词典 [p?r?f?n]n.?煤油；石蜡 hydrocarbons. The word paraffin, from the Latin parum affinis(slight affinity??affinity???－??简明英汉词典 [?f?n?ti:]n.?(生性)喜爱；(本性)倾向；亲近；(尤指异性)相互吸引；共鸣；(尤指对异性)有吸引力的人；有吸引力的主张(或事物)；密切关系；连接关系；类同，近似，相像；生类缘, 亲缘, 类同；化亲和性；亲和力；数仿射性 )refers to the inert chemical nature of the substances and is applied also to the wax wax － 简明英汉词典 [w?ks] n. 蜡 vt. 给…打蜡 obtainable 获得 from petroleum石油 and consisting of a mixture of higher alkanes. 现在烷烃化合物也被称为饱和烃和石蜡烃。石蜡，来源于拉丁美洲文parum affinis（轻微的亲和力），是指惰性物质的化学性质，也适用于从石油和更高的烷烃的混合物组成的蜡。 Derivation of the formulas of the pentanes (3 isomers), hexanes (5). and heptanes(9) has already demonstrated the sharp rise in diversity ??diversity???－??简明英汉词典 [d?v?:s?ti:, da?-]n.?多样化;(人在种族、民族、宗教等方面的)多样性；分歧 with increasing carbon content. 戊烷（3个异构体），己烷（5个异构体），和庚烷（9个异构体）已经表明随着碳含量的增加其异构体也急剧上升。 Normal Alkanes Successive members of the series differ in composition by the increment ??increment???－??简明英汉词典 [?nkr?m?nt, ??-]n.?增长n.?1．???2．??增额? CH2 and form a homologous??homologous???－??简明英汉词典 [h?m?l?ɡ?s]adj.?相应的,类似的,一致的,同源的 series. Thus heptane and octane are homologous hydrocarbons; icosane is a higher homolog of methane. 正构烷烃正构烷烃就是指没有碳支链的饱和烃。 这一系列化合物的不同在于组成上-CH2的增加和形成一系列同系物。因此，庚烷和辛烷值是同源的碳氢化合物;二十碳烷是甲烷较高的同源性。 Saturated Unbranched — Chain Compounds and Univalent Radicals The first four saturated unbranched acyclic脂肪族的 hydrocarbons are called methane .ethane, propane and butane. Names of the higher members of this series consist of a numerical term, followed by -ane with elision of terminal a from the numerical term. Examples of these names are shown in the table below. The generic name of- saturated acyclic hydrocarbons (branched or unbranched) is “alkane.” Examples of names: (n = total number of carbon atoms) 饱和分枝 - 链