全息聚合物分散液晶论文二维全息聚合物-液晶光栅的制备研究.doc

全息聚合物分散液晶论文：二维全息聚合物/液晶光栅的制备研究 【中文摘要】全息聚合物分散液晶(Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals, HPDLCs)光栅作为一种新型的光学元件,在计量、无线电天文学、集成光学、光通信和信息处理等许多领域都有着十分广泛的应用。传统的光栅都是一维的结构,是通过将制备好的样品在两束相干涉光束的光场处曝光,使光敏单体在水平方向上聚合形成相互平行的等宽度等间隔的结构,在样品中只记录了一个光栅；本文中研究的二维光栅可以同时在样品中记录两个光栅结构,相当于在样品中同时记录了正交的两个一维光栅结构,其制备方法是将混合均匀的光敏单体材料和液晶注入液晶盒中,在双束激光干涉处使样品曝光一段时间,然后将样品旋转90度,再曝光一次,使光敏单体在两个方向上聚合得到。二维光栅在光入射时形成的衍射图样是空间点阵,除上述的应用之外还可以用于光互联中的分束器,调制器和耦合器件等,拓宽了光栅的应用范围。虽然二维全息聚合物分散液晶光栅的应用很广泛,但是目前的制备方法还不成熟,还存在很多问题,主要是光聚合反应中相分离不完全,衍射效率偏低,光栅驱动电压过高,器件稳定性差等。本文首先对实验体系所用的液晶、化学材料进行选择和研究,分析光聚合反应中的光引发剂的化学重排过程,研究聚合物与液晶相分离机理；其次,通过改变光照时间、光强等参数、研究各组分在光聚合中所起的作用和影响,增加光聚合的反应程度,以得到具有清晰的相分离结构和较高衍射效率的二维聚合物／液晶光栅；再次,依据对衍射效率影响因素的分析,选择不同作用的添加剂,提高光反应效率,提高相分离程度；文中选择了含氟单体材料和增塑剂DOP来改善光栅形貌,以提高光栅的衍射效率,降低光栅的驱动电压；最后,通过设计和改进光路,通过两次曝光法制备了具有良好相分离界面,具有较高衍射效率和较低驱动电压的二维聚合物／液晶光栅。最后对光路进行调整,制备了小周期的二维的聚合物／液晶光栅。 【英文摘要】Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals (HPDLCs) gratings as a novel optical components,have a very wide range of applications in the measurement, radio astronomy, integrated optics, optical communication, information processing and many other areas.The traditional grating is one-dimensional structure and prepared by beam exposure in two-beam interference field to make the photosensitive monomer polymerization in the horizontal directionz and form the equal-distance and equal-interval stripe parallel to each other.and only records one grating. A two-dimensional grating researched in this article can be simultaneously recorded two gratings in the samples, is equivalent to simultaneously recorded a orthogonal structure of the two one-dimensional grating in the sample. The method to prepare two-dimensional grating is mixed photosensitive monomer into the liquid crystal material and then injected into the sample cell. Put it into two-beam interference field and make it exposure.after 15s rotate 90 degrees and make it exposure another until the photosensitive monomer polymeri