高中英语人教必修一：Unit5　NelsonMandelaamodernhero学案5.doc

第  PAGE 6 页 共  NUMPAGES 6 页 [文体特点与方法点拨] 一、文体特点 1．记叙文一般都有较为完整的六个要素，即时间、地点、人物、事件(经过)、原因、结果。 2．记叙文叙事方式有所不同，有的记叙文按照时间顺序叙述，最后点破故事的结局，有的记叙文采取倒叙的手法，先点明故事的结局和影响，然后再叙述故事的发生和发展。 3．记叙文往往有较强的故事趣味性，有情节跌宕起伏和情感细腻变化等特点，信息量很大。作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物语言、行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。 二、方法点拨 1．理清文章的结构形式 为了叙述方便，作者通常会按时间先后顺序或空间顺序等方式来安排情节和内容。 2．明确作者的写作目的 就事论事一般不是记叙的目的，作者的目的是通过叙述事情阐明一个道理，???此作为读者我们必须考虑到这一点。只有弄清楚作者的写作目的，才能更加准确地抓住文章的主题。 3．知晓文章所记叙的几大要素[来源:学科网] 人物、事件、时间、地点、原因和结果等要素是记叙文的基本组成部分，一般不能缺少。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。 4．弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的 通常英语记叙文会以两个视角即第一人称和第三人称展开记叙。用第一人称就是从“参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者亲切的态度和深厚的感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持着一定的距离，读者的注意力更多集中在故事本身。了解了作者的写作角度有助于我们走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义。 [考题例析与模板应用] [高考示例](2012·山东高考) Whenever we hear about “the homeless”， most of us think of the Developing World. But the __36__ is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a __37__ country like Germany? Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making __38__ for the homeless of Berlin, Germanys capital. They first __39__ one long hot summer when most Germans were __40__ on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, __41__ a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. The Mullers soon realised that food and clothing werent __42__. “What these people also need is warmth and __43__，” says Rita. The Mullers didnt __44__ to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita __45__ there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always __46__ to anyone who couldnt face another night on the street. The couple were soon __47__ all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to __48__ donations. Today, over thirty companies __49__ donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to __50__ them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer __51__ new shoes.