book7unit Grammar.ppt

动词不定式;不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。;结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do ;(1).They pretended not to see us.;1. 作主语;三. 用法/ 功能;I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again.;The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. ;e.g. I made him do his work.;3 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to.;I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.;不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。;2. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。;4. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。;I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train.;(7).独立结构;(8)不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。;关于不定式中的小品词to ;exercise;My teacher was made _____ his teaching because of poor health. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up 2.The sentence wants ____ once more. explained B. to explain C. being explained D. explaining 3.The Arctic is considered ____ the northern part of the Atlantic. having been B. to have been C. to be D. being;4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _____ for him without delay. to have woven B. to be woven C. to be weaving D. to weave 5.I found the German language hard ____. learned B. learning C. to be learned D. to learn 6.—The light in the office is still on. --- Oh, I forgot ______. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off;几对易混淆的词组： stop to do sth. 停止去做某事 doing sth.停止正在做．．． forget to do sth.　忘记去做．．． doing sth.　忘记已做了．．． remember to do sth.　记得去做．．． doing sth.　记得曾经做．．．;7.---How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? ---The key ____ t