数形结合在解题中的应用初稿.doc

数形结合在解题中的应用 数学与统计学院 应用数学二班 2010级 余天然 指导老师 金璐 摘要：随着世界经济全球化的发展和我国市场经济的完善，数学的内容、思想、方法和语言已广泛渗入自然科学和社会科学，成为现代文化的重要组成部分.其中数形结合作为一种重要的数学思想，数形结合能力的提高，有利于从形与数的结合上深刻认识数学问题的实质，有利于扎实打好数学基础，有利于数学素质的提高，同时必然促进数学能力的发展。 论文结合数学教材中的实际情况，从以下三个角度对数形结合在解题中的应用做了详细的阐述，并且通过大量的实例对数形结合思想在解题中的应用进行了研究与分析：一是借助于数的精确性来阐明形的某些属性，即“以数解形”，二是借助形的几何直观性来阐明数之间某种关系，即“以形助数”三是充分的分析问题图形与数量关系使它们互为补充，化抽象为直观，化难为易，即“数形转换”。 关键词：数学思想 数形结合 解题 Abstract: with the development of world economic globalization and the perfection of market economy in our country, the content of the mathematics, the thought, method and language has been widely infiltration of natural science and social science, and become an important part of modern culture. The number form combining as a kind of important mathematics thought, several form combining ability enhancement, is advantageous to the deep understanding from the combination of shape and number of the essence of the mathematics problem, beneficial to lay a solid mathematical foundation, beneficial to the improvement of the mathematics quality, at the same time must promote the development of mathematical ability. Mathematics teaching material of paper combined with the actual situation, from the following three point of logarithmic form in detail the application of problem solving, and through a large number of examples logarithmic form combining ideas in the application of problem solving was studied with analysis: one is the accuracy of the number of form to clarify some of the attributes, namely to the number of solution, the second is using fractal geometric intuitiveness to clarify a relationship between several, that is to help the number three is sufficient to analyze quantitative relationship between graphics and make them complement each other, turn abstract into intuitive, hard, namely the number shape transformation. Keywords: mathematical thought symbolic-graphic combination solve problems 一、数形结合思想的基本介绍 （1）数形结合的实质 数和形是数学研究客观问题的两个方面，数侧重研究物体的数量方面，具有精确性；而