非谓语(教师用).doc

12届高三英语一轮复习————语法 PAGE  PAGE 8 非谓语动词（教师版） 非谓语动词的形式 1. 不定式：__to do_____ _____to be done____ ___to be doing_______ ___to have done_______ ____to have been done_________ 2. 动名词：__doing______________ ____being done_____________ ____having done__________ ____having been done________ 3. 分词： 现在分词 ______ doing____________ ____ being done_____________ _____having done________ ___ having been done___________ 过去分词 _____done_____________ 二、非谓语动词的句法功能 成分 形式主语宾语宾语补足语表语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√ 三、非谓语动词的用法要点 1、不定式、分词作定语的用法要点 不定式例句：不定式用法：a).The car to be bought is for his sister.1. 不定式作定语表将来。b). She was the first woman to win the gold medal.2. 不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词。c). The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. d). He had no money and no place to live (in).3. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词时，不定式后须有相应的介词。但是不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place 或 way 时不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。e). Did you have anything to send? f). Did you have anything to be sent?4. e). 句中不定式to send的动作执行者是 “你”。 f). 句中不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是“我”或“别人” 分词例句：分词用法a). The house being built are for the teachers. b). Things lost never come again! c). The tree standing over there is old.1. 作定语的分词形式为：doing, being done, done。当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时，用doing, 当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正在进行时，用being done, 当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时，用done.d). boiling / boiled water falling / fallen leaves2. 作定语的不及物动词分词形式为 v-ing和过去分词。v-ing表示正在进行，???去分词表示已经完成。比较： e). Have you read the novel written by Dickens? f). Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students. g). The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.3. 作定语的done 表被动，完成（e）；being done 表被动，正在进行(f)；to be done表被动，将来(g)。 2. 不定式、分词作状语的用法要点 不定式例句：不定式用法：a). Helen had to shout to / in order to / so as to make herself heard above the sound of the music.1. 不定式作状语表目的。b). He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.2. 不定式作状语表意外的结果。分词例句：分词用法：a). When offered help, one often sa