高中英语译林牛津版必修三教学案：Unit3Backtothepastgrammar-主谓一致.docVIP

第  PAGE 6 页 共  NUMPAGES 6 页 1.语法一致原则 　　由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 　　what I bought were three English books. 　　What I say and do is (are) helpful for you. 　　②由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 　　The writer and artist has come. 　　Every student and every teach is in the classroom. 　　Many a boy and many a girl likes it. 　　No boy and no girl likes it. 　　Each of us has a new book. Is everyone here today? 　　Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter 　　若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 　　None of the sugar was left. 　　None of us has (have) been to America. 　　③在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 　　Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard. 　　He is one of my friends who are working hard. 　　He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard. 　　④在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致。 　　It is I who am going to the cinema tonight. 　　It is we who are going to the cinema tonight. 　　⑤如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式; 如果它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式。 　　The police are looking for the lost child. 　　The cattle are eating grass in the field. 　　His family has moved to the south .(他的一家) 　　His family are watching TV.(他的家人) 　　Class four is on the third floor.(四班) 　　Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.(四班的学生) 　　⑥由a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the majority of+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 　　There are a lot of people in the classroom. 　　Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 　　50 percent of the students in our class are girls. 　　此外，还有a number of +复数名词有类似的用法(用复数)，但the number of +复数名词的数就得依number 而定(用单数)。 　　A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick apples. 　　The number of pa