【浙江版】2013年高中英语人教版必修二《Unit3computers》Grammar课件.ppt

The Present Perfect Passive Voice;Objective;语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。;Look at the following sentences, paying attention to the underlined part.;Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.;现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。 ; 主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被 动语态即主语为动作的承受者。现在完 成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样， 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结 果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“…… 已经被……”。 The new school has been set up. 新学校已经建成了。;2. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为： have / has + been + done The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。 现在完成时被动语态的否定式为： have / has + not + been + done Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。;现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将have / has提到主语的前面。 Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗？ 现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词 + have / has + been + done Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请？;现在完成时的被动语态表达以下两个 概念： 1. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。 2. 主语是行为动作的承受者。 现在完成时的被动语态由have/has been + v-ed构成，其中v-ed为过去分词， 表示被动。 I have been told about it many times. The bridge has just been built.;在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要 注意以下两点： 1. 过去分词前有两个助动词： have / has和been。 2. 必须表示被动。 ;注意:;2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被 动语态。如： [误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. [正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.;(2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出 者时常用主动语态。;(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2) 把谓语变成被动结构 (be + 过去分词) 　 (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。　;(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之 后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 　 All the people laughed at him. 　 He was laughed at by all the people. 　 They make the bikes in the factory. 　 The bikes are made by them in the factory.;(4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一 个宾语变为主语， 另一个保留不动。 主动：I have given him the key. 被动：He has been given the key. 被动：The key has been given (to) him.;(1)［误］Many new buildings