考研英语定语从句翻译指导（独立成句）.docVIP

考研英语：定语从句翻译指导(独立成句) 　　独立成句 　　当译成前置定语会使句子变得臃肿，妨碍理解的时候，最好让其独立成句。 　　94(72)In short, a leader of the new school contends, the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions. 　　新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：“简而北京考研专业课辅导哪家最正规言之，我们所称谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。” 　　contend坚决主张,声称[Y][+(that)] 　　The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe. 　　警察强调说他们面临的困难太严重了。 　　He left his job largely because he was homesick..他辞职不干主要是因为他想家。 　　We have countless reasons against his plan.我们有举不胜举的理由反对他的计划。 　　96 72) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. 　　基本结构：简单句+时间状语从句(主北京考研专业课辅导哪家最正规语+谓语+宾语+同位语从句(主语the specific demands +定语从句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment+谓语cannot generally be foreseen in detail) 　　基本结构试译：这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：…… 　　译 文：这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。 　　注意：不要将when引导的定语从句与时间状语从句相混淆，当然也就不能when引导的定语从句翻译成“当… 时候”。When引导定语从句前面一般是表示时间的词作为先行词，如果是过去时，when译成“其时、届时”“当时”“在那个时候”，如果是将来时态，则译成“到时”“届时”， 北京考研专业课辅导哪家最正规有时候还可以译成“然后”“随后”。 　　The Queen will visit the small town in April, when she will open the new hospital. 　　女王将于四月访问小镇，到时，她将主持这家新医院的开业仪式。 　　I expect to stay here no more than two days, when I shall return. 　　我预计在那儿呆两天，随后就回来。 　　99 71) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. 　　结构分析：这是一个复合句。While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians整个这一部分是让步状语从句，其中第一个as是程度副词，第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句there are historians;modern practice most closely conforms to one是主谓宾结构的主句;that sees history as the att