英语论文写作常用词汇及句法.docxVIP

英语论文写作常用词汇及句法 Definition 一个完整的definition例子 “Definition : The difference between the largest and smallest class boundaries is called the range of the table.” 一个以上的definition “Definition 1 …” “One/First definition …” “Definition 2 …” “Two/Second definition …” Define 被动句 A is defined as B. A is defined as follows: … A is defined to be B. A is defined by B. A is defined in terms of B. 主动句 We define A as B. 使用“称为” A is called/termed B. ：When the copy is printed out on paper, it is called hard copy. A is known as B. A is referred to as B. A is spoken of as B. 3．带修饰的“称为” …统称为… … are collectively called … …有各种叫法… … is variously called … 前者称为…, 后者称为… The former is referred to as …, and the latter as … 通常简称为… often shortened to … 4．使用“意指”含义的词语 A 的意思是 … By A one refers to … By the speed of transmission one refers to the instantaneous rate at which the information is transferred over the communication facility. By A we mean/imply that … By the word scientist we mean someone who take part in basic research, to discover and attach significant problems not yet solved, to … A is defined to mean … 其他定义用语 所谓 … 是 … So called A is … 顾名思义，… A, as the name implies/suggests, is … Command and control, as the name implies, must comprise both a command and controlled action element. … 称为 …，也可称为 … A is called …, or, alternatively … … 是由 … 派生而来，意思是 … A is derived from B, meaning … 无明确定义 没有普遍公认的定义. 1．There is no universally accepted definition to the term A. 2．There is no universally accepted definition to the term Software Component presently. 目前很难给 … 下定义： A clear definition of A is difficult to give. 5．涉及“世纪”表达用语 19世纪后期 In the late nineteenth century 20世纪的头20年里 Within the first 20 years of the twentieth century 本世纪初期 Early in the present century 在本世纪末之前 Before the end of this century 20世纪后半页 The second half of the twentieth century 约20年前 Nearly two decades ago 在过去的50年里 During the past 50 years 在 … 之后的13年里 For 13 years after … ??80年代开始 Beginning in the 1980’s 直到1990年 Up to 1990 …