第8章河流地质作用140331选编.ppt

工 程 地 质 学 河流地质作用;;;侵蚀 作用 之 侧蚀 作用;请体会山区、平原河流不同的侵蚀作用类型;河流侵蚀作用对工程建筑物的影响;河流 地质 作用 之 搬运 作用;;;对 称 谷 和 不对称谷;;;阶地形态 构 成;阶地的物质构成;;阶地 类别;; 5. 河谷地貌 和 坝址选择;;;;Eroding the Channel ;Abrasion or Corrasion Abrasion or Corrasion happens when rocks and other load carried by a river is used to grind against the sides and bed of the river channel. This grinding action widens and deepens the channel. ;Potholes are holes in the river bed formed by corrosion. They vary in size from a few centimeters to several meters in diameter. Pebbles carried by the river are swirled around on the river bed. This action erodes the rock on the river bed forming potholes. Over time, they may widen and join with other potholes to form larger potholes, and the whole river bed is deepened. ;Waterfalls and plunge pools;A gorge is a steep narrow valley with steep almost vertical sides. Gorges are formed when rivers flow over resistant rocks such that vertical erosion occurs faster than lateral erosion. Since these rocks are not easily eroded, the sides of the valley remain steep. ;;;;;;;