Unit4PeriodTwoLearningaboutLanguage同步学案新人教版选修7.doc

PAGE  PAGE 8 Period Two　Learning about Language 定语从句(Ⅰ) 1．定义 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 As a general rule，the most successful man in life is the man who has the best information. 一般说来，生活中最成功的人是获得最佳信息的人。 2．分类 根据定语从句与先行词关系是否密切，它可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号与主句分开。非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这个从句，不影响主句意思的完整。一般用逗号与主句分开。 We’re going to do something that’s never been done before. 我们要做以前从未做过的事。(限制性定语从句) I have lost the pen，which I like very much. 我丢了那枝我十分喜欢的笔。(非限制性定语从句) 3．关系词 (1)引导限制性??语从句的关系代词： 指代对象指代人指代物既可指人也可指物主语who，thatwhich，that，asthat宾语whom，thatwhich，that，asthat定语whosewhoseThe doctor whom/that you are looking for is in the room. 你正找的那位医生在屋子里。(指人，作宾语) A man who/that is perfectly pleased with the present state of things is a failure. 完全满足于现状的人是一个失败者。(指人，作主语) Do you know the man whose name is Wang Bing? 你知道那个叫王兵的人吗？(指人，作定语) The building which/that stands near the river is our school. 河边矗立的那座建筑物是我们的学校。(指物，作主语) Is this the book which/that she was looking for? 这是她刚找的那本书吗？(指物，作宾语) The building whose windows face south was built last year. 那栋窗户朝南开的楼房是去年建的。(指物，作定语) 注意：whom，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom/which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。 The room in which there is a machine is the workshop. 有机器的那间房是车间。 This is the person whom you are looking for. 这是你要找的那个人。 (2)引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词： 指代对象指代人指代物既可指人也可指物主语whowhich，as无宾语whomwhich，as无定语whosewhoseI have two sisters，who are both students. 我有两个姐姐，她们都是学生。(指人，作主语) She is a lovely girl，whom we all like. 她是一个我们都喜欢的可爱的女孩。(指人，作宾语) His new house，which is situated at the foot of the hill，is very big. 他的新房子坐落在山脚下，很大。(指物，作主语) I like the same book as you do.(指物，作宾语) 注意：①引导非限制性定语从句时，绝对不能用that。 ②as与which的区别： a．as有“正如，好像”之意，which没有。 b．as通常放在主句之前，而which通常放在主句之后。 As is known to all，he is the best student in our class. 众所周知，他是我们班最好的学生。 He passed the final exam，which made us happy. 他通过了考试，这让我们很高兴。 c．as可在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和状语，构成the same...as，such...as等结构。 I want to have such a di