unit4sectiongrammarwriting课件人教版选修7.ppt

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing;限制性定语从句 定语从句是指在句子中起定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句，其中被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。当关系代词作定语从句的主语时，其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。 定语从句一般位于先行词的后面，定语从句由关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that，as和关系副词when，where，why等引导。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。;一、由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句 在这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom用作宾语，whose用作定语。 The manager arranged to meet the customer who complained the next day. 经理准备第二天见见那位抱怨的顾客。 The boy whom the teacher punished is my little brother.那个被老师罚的男孩是我弟弟。 Let’s help the boy whose father has been ill for a month.咱们帮帮那个爸爸病了一个月的男孩吧。 ;跟踪训练 1．翻译句子 他们想要访问的那个女士是一位科学家。 ____________________________________________ ;2．单项填空 (1)His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ____________ family was poor. A．whom　　　　　　B．which C．his D．whose 解析：选D。句意“他父母不让他和家庭困难的人结婚”。先行词为anyone，定语从句中缺定语，故用whose引导定语从句表示“任何人的”。;(2)(2013·高考湖南卷)Happiness and success often come to those __________are good at recognizing their own strengths. A．whom B．who C．what D．which 解析：选B。题干的意思是：“快乐和成功经常会眷顾那些善于欣赏自己优点的人。”分析句子成分可知，“ _________ are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定语从句,修饰先行词those,从句中缺少主语,故用who引导,所以答案为B。;二、由which引导的定语从句 指事物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，常可省略。 The meeting which was held at our university was a success.在我校开的那次会议获得了成功。 My house which I bought last year has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。;注意　关系代词which,whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,从句常由“介词＋which(或whom)”引出。 A telescope is an instrument with which we can see distant things .望远镜是一台能用来看到远景的仪器。 I want to make some friends from whom I can learn a lot.我想交几个朋友，从他们那儿我可以学许多东西。;跟踪训练 1．(2011·高考江西卷)She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction _______________ had taken more than three years. A．for which　　　　　B．with which C．of which D．to which 解析：选C。句意：她带领游客参观博物馆，其建造已耗时三年多。非限制性定语从句的关系词与先行词构成修饰关系,即the construction of the museum“博物馆的建造”。故选C项。;2．(2013·高考山东卷)Finally he reached a lonely island __________was completely cut off from the outside world. A．when B．where C．wh