2008年高中考试文综试卷[全国卷Ⅰ].pptVIP

现在分词作状语;①His father died , leaving the family even worse off. ②The little tramp walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. ;现在分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，结果，条件，方式，让步或伴随动作等。 一、现在分词的各种形式 doing 一般式 being done 被动式 having done 完成式 having been done 完成被动式; 二、现在分词作状语时，主语是分词动作 的发出者，分词表示一个正在进行的动作。 Standing at the top of the hill, we can see the whole park. Hearing the exciting news, they burst into laughter. Seeing from the top of the hill, the city looks like a big garden ;三、现在分词的功能 1. 作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。 （1）分词所表示的动作刚发生，谓语动词表示的动作随之发生，用一般式作状语。 Arriving in Hongkong, I lost my way. =As soon as I arrived in Hongkong…;（2）分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，用现在分词的一般式作状语。通常一般在它前面可加上when/while。例如： When crossing the street, you can’t be careful enough. While playing the piano, she sang along. While waiting for the bus, I bought a newspaper.;Having watered the vegetables, they began to pick up the apples. Having made careful preparations，we are sure to pass the examination. ;（4）如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，且动作已经完成，主语是分词动作的承受者，则用完成被动式：having been done Having been criticized by the teacher many times,? Tom doesn’t come to school late. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. (05湖北) ; 【真题】 ①________ many times, he finally understood it. （09四川） A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told ②_____ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.（08陕西） A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show ;2.作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Not knowing how to work out the difficult maths problem, he asked the teacher for help. 因为不知 道如何解这道数学题，他向老师求助。 ;(1) 分词表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，用一般式（doing） Not knowing his address, I couldn’t get in touch with Tom.　 Being ill, Mary has to see a doctor.;(2)分词表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，用完成式（having done） Having smoked heavily for