第9节语式转换[主动被动].pptVIP

被动语态译法;1.翻译成汉语的主动句。;(1)英语原文中的主语在译文中仍做主语。在采用此方法时,我们往往在译文中使用了“加以”, “经过”, “用……来”等词来体现原文中的被动含义。 Every moment of every day, energy is being transformed from one form into another. 每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式转换为另一种形式。（直接去掉被动，原主语保持不变）;Other questions will be discussed briefly. 其它问题将简单地加以讨论。 In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance. 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。(被动语态转主动语态);Nuclear powers danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation. 核能对健康、安全，甚至对生命本身构成的危险可以用一个词-辐射来概括。;(2)将主语翻译为宾语,同时增补泛指性的词语(人们,大家等)作主语。;A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics. 电子技术提供了一种显示时间的新方法。（将宾语转换成主语） It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and later personality. 人们普遍认为，孩子们的早年经历在很大程度上决定了他们的性格及其未来的人品。;下列的结构也可以通过这一手段翻译: It is asserted that …有人主张 It is believed that …有人认为 It is generally considered that …大家/一般人认为 It is well known that 大家知道/众所周知 It will be said …有人会说 It was told that …有人曾经说; (3)将英语原文中的by, in, for等做状语的介词短语翻译成译文的主语,在此情况下,英语原文中的主语一般被翻译成宾语。 Another middle school has been set up in our district．? 我们区又办了一所中学。? A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor. 原子反应堆需要一种合适的燃料。;Communications satellites are used for international live transmission throughout the world. 全世界都将通讯卫星用于国际间的实况转播。（用状语充当主语） By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200 Belgian and French lives. 大战结束时,这个组织拯救了八百人，但那是以二百多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价的。;And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. (93年考研) 许多人认为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比,而且认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门的训练才能掌握。;(4)翻译成汉语的无主句。;Your inquiry of September 10 regarding the above subject has been received. 已收到贵方9月10日有关以上主题的询问。 Best surface finish is provided by machining methods, especially by grinding. 用机械加工方法，特别是打磨方法，可以获得最佳表面光洁度。