串并联等值电路-电力牵引交流传动系统教程.ppt

Unit2 Ideal Sources Series and Parallel Equivalent Circuits ——理想电源的串并联等效电路;Consider an elementary circuit containing a single source of e.m.f. E and of internal resistance Rs, and a single load R (Fig.1). The resistance of the conductors of this type of circuit may be neglected.;In the external portion of the circuit, that is, in the load R, the current is assumed to flow from the junction a (which is at a higher potential such that φa=φ1) to the junction b (which is at a lower potential such that φb=φ2). 在电路的外部，即在负载 R 处，假定电流从端点 a（位于φ a = φ 1的高电势）流向端点 b（位于φ b = φ 2的低电势）。;The direction of current flow may be shown either by a hollow arrowhead or by supplying the current symbol with a double subscript whose first digit identifies the junction at a higher potential and the second (identifies) the junction at a lower potential. Thus for the circuit of Fig.2.1, the current I=Iab. ;We shall show that the circuit of Fig.2.1 containing a source of known e.m.f. E and source resistance Rs may be represented by two types of equivalent circuits. 分析：that引导宾语从句。从句的主语又有定语修饰。 下面将证明，对于图2.1所示的含一个已知电动势E和内阻Rs的电源的电路，可以用两种类型的等效电路来表示。;As (it is) already started, the terminal voltage of a loaded source is lower than the source e.m.f. by an amount equal to the voltage drop across the source resistance 如前所述，电源加负载后的端电压要比电源电动势低一个值，这个值等于电源内阻两端的电压降：;On the other hand, the voltage across the load resistance R is Since and , from Eqs. (2.1) and (2.2) it follows that , or and .;From the last equation we conclude that the current through the source is controlled by both the load resistance and the source resistance. Therefore, in an equivalent circuit diagram the source resistance Rs may be shown connected in series with the load resistance R. This configuration may be called the series equivalent circuit (usually known as the Thevenin equivalent) 从上式我们可以得出：流经电源的电流由负载电阻和电源内阻共同决定。因此，在等效电路图中，可以将内阻Rs表示成与负载电阻R串联，这种连