2011年成人高考高起点理化试题及答案.pdfVIP

第 13 卷 第 6 期 化　学　进　展 Vol. 13 No. 6 2001 年 11 月 PROGRESS IN CHEM ISTRY 　No v. , 2001 第二代氨合成催化体系——钌系氨合成 催化剂及其工业应用* 郑晓玲　 魏可镁 ( 福州大学化肥催化剂国家工程研究中心 　福州 350002) 摘　要　本文综述了第二代氨合成催化体系——钌系氨合成催化剂的研制、开发及工业应用情况。介绍 了钌系氨合成催化剂的载体、促进剂、钌活性前身物对氨合成催化活性的影响。比较了钌系氨合成催化剂与 铁系氨合成催化剂的反应机理与性能特点。新型氨合成催化工艺流程的成功开发为钌系氨合成催化剂的工 业应用提供了有力的保障。 关键词　钌催化剂　铁催化剂　氢抑制作用　新型氨合成流程 中图分类号: O643; T Q426. 8 　文献标识码: A　文章编号: 1005-281X( 2001) 06-0472-09 The Second Generation Catalysis System for Ammonia Synthesis——Ruthenium-based Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst and Its Industrial Application Zheng X iaoling 　 W ei K emei ( Natio nal Eng ineer ing Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Cataly st, Fuzhou U niversity , Fuzho u 350002, China) Abstract　Ruthenium catalysts are considered as the second-g eneration cataly sts fo r amm onia synthe- sis follow ing iron catalysts. T he article sum marizes advances in research and industrial application of ruthenium-based ammo nia synthesis cataly sts. Ruthenium cataly sts are kno wn to be quite sensitive to the nature o f supports, pro moters and precursors in amm onia sy nthesis. T he different characteristics and ki- netics between r uthenium catalyst and ir on catalyst are described. Kellogg adv anced ammo nia process ( KAAP) supplies the strong support fo r industrial application of ruthenium catalysts. Key words 　ruthenium catalyst; iro n catalyst; hydr ogen inhibitio n; advanced ammo nia sy nthesis pro- cess 氨合成机理、反应动力学、催化剂结构与性能关系开 一、引　言 展了广泛深入的研究。在推动合成氨工业技术进步 Haber-Bosch 的铁系氨合成催化剂及其工艺流