交换与路由基本知识试卷.ppt

OSI七层协议;数据包封装与解封装;交换机;STP;生成树协议术语 (1)网桥协议数据单元：BPDU(Bridge Protocol Data Unit) BPDU是生成树协议交换机间通讯的数据单元，用于确定角色。 (2)网桥号：Bridge ID 交换机的标识号，它由优先级和MAC地址组成，优先级16位，MAC地址48位。 (3)根网桥：Root bridge 根网桥定义为网桥号最小的交换机，根网桥所有的端口都不会阻塞。 (4)根端口：Root port 非根网桥到根网桥累计路径花费最小的端口，负责本网桥与根网桥通讯的接口。 (5)指定网桥：Designated bridge 网络中到根网桥累计路径花费最小交换机，负责收发本网段数据。 (6)指定端口：Designated port 网络中到根网桥累计路径花费最小的交换机端口，根网桥每个端口都是指定端口。 (7)非指定端口：NonDesignated port 余下的端口是非指定端口，它们不参与数据的转发，也就是被阻塞的端口。 (根端口是从非根网桥选出，指定端口是网段中选出)。;STP;VLAN;VLAN;What Is an End-to-End VLAN?;VLAN Configuration Modes ;VLAN Configuration Modes ;VLAN Access Ports ;VLAN Implementation Commands;Configuring an Access VLAN ;Verifying the Access VLAN Configuration;Defining VLANs;Maintaining Specific VLAN Identification;VLAN Trunking;Comparing ISL and 802.1Q;Trunking with ISL;ISL Encapsulation;Trunking with 802.1Q;The 802.1Q Tagging Process ;802.1Q Native VLAN ;VLAN Ranges;Trunking Configuration Commands ;Switchport Mode Interactions;How to Configure Trunking ;802.1Q Trunk Configuration;Verifying the 802.1Q Configuration;;ISL Trunk Configuration;Verifying ISL Trunking;Summary;Defining VLANs;The VTP Domain;The VTP Protocol ;VTP Modes ;Pruning Disabled;VTP Operation ;VTP Configuration Commands ;Configuring a VTP Management Domain;Configuring and Verifying VTP;;Verifying the VTP Configuration (Cont.);Implementing Inter-VLAN Routing;Inter-VLAN Routing with External Router ;Inter-VLAN Routing External Router Configuration Commands ;Inter-VLAN Routing on External Router: 802.1Q Trunk Link ;Inter-VLAN Routing on External Router: ISL Trunk Link;Verifying Inter-VLAN Routing;Verifying the Inter-VLAN Routing Configuration