第四章-荧光分析新.ppt

第四章 荧光分析 OVERVIEW;4. The term fluorophore describes the molecular group giving rise to fluorescence. The relatively few naturally occurring fluorophores in biology include tryptophan， the Y-base of t-RNA， NADH， and chlorophyll. Synthetic fluorescent probes are widely used. ? 5. The fluorescence intensity and ?max(the position of the maximum of the emission) are very sensitive to environment. ? 6. The quantum yield， ?F， is the fraction of molecules that becomes deexcited by fluorescence. It is defined as ?F = ?/?F， where ? is the observed lifetime of the excited state and ?F the lifetime that i