【全程方略外研版】2014年春高中英语必修三：Module5GreatPeopleandGreat-Grammar.ppt

Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China Grammar 限制性定语从句 ;【探究寻规】 用关系词（which/who/where/whose/when）完成下列句子， 并观察在下列句子中所作的成分。 1. Nie Haisheng is an astronaut ____ has entered space twice in China. ( ) 2. He came from a family ______ was very poor. ( ) 3. Confucius is the philosopher ______ influence has been the greatest. ( );4. Ancient China was a place ______ states were often at war with each other. ( ) 5. But it was also a time _____ there were many great philosophers. ( );【语法精点】 一、基础点拨 (一)作用 限制性定语从句为先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语从句，若去掉，被修饰的主句的内容就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。 *They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那个人的车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。（此处whose用来修饰其后面的名词car，其先行词是the man，相当于the man’s car）; (二)关系词 1.关系代词的用法. (1)that和which的用法。 ①that既可指人又可指物，which指物；它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在从句中作宾语时可省略。 *Please find a room which/that is big enough for all of us to live in. 请找一间足够住下我们所有人的房间。（此处先行词是a room，引导词which/that在从句中作主语，不能省略） *This is the house (which/that) we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（此处先行词是the house，引导词which/that在从句中作宾语，可以省略） ; *This is the thief (that) we have been looking for recently. 这就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。(此处先行词是the thief, 引导词that在从句中作宾语，可以省略) ②在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时，只能用that，而不能用which的情况 a. 当先行词是all, a lot, (a) little, (a) few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时。 *Can you give me something that has no sugar inside? 能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西？（此处先行词是something，因此引导词必须用that） b. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 *This is the first two-storey bus that runs in our city. 这是第一辆运行于我们城市的双层公交车。; c. 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时。 *Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. 桂林是我见过的最美丽的城市。 d. 当先行词被the only, the very, the same, the right等修饰时。 *He is the very man that help