Discussion on safe medication in children.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 9 Discussion on safe medication in children Author: Fu Yan, Wang Ying-Jian, Zhu Shaolian, Ding Shao-hong [Keywords:] children safe medication With the rapid development of science and technology, the types and quantities of drugs in the rapid growth of clinical drug treatment provides more choice, but there is also the drug abuse situation, which is the hidden dangers of unsafe drugs. Children with physical and organ function, etc. are in a period of constant growth, so more drug safety concern. 1 Growth characteristics and drug use in children 1.1 Infant and child characteristics and drug-metabolizing enzymes in vivo Infant body contains more fetal hemoglobin (HPF). HPF easily oxidized to methemoglobin, while the infant methemoglobin reductase activity is low, and therefore itself has a tendency to the formation of methemoglobin. Oxidative effect of the use of drugs such as nitro compounds, PAS (para-aminosalicylic acid sodium), phenacetin, chlorpromazine, sulfonamides, etc., may cause methemoglobinemia [1] 114  115. As the body too much bilirubin in infants and young children are also dependent on the role of-glucuronidase and glucuronic acid excreted combined, in order not to excessive free bilirubin in plasma caused by poisoning, the body itself provides a very low binding capacity plasma protein (bile protein) with binding. As with some higher plasma protein binding of drugs such as vitamin K1, indomethacin, diazepam, sulfa, phenobarbital, cloxacillin, ceftriaxone, etc. [1] 110, can bilirubin from the binding site replacement out, so that the plasma concentration of free bilirubin caused a sharp increase in hyperbilirubinemia, or bilirubin encephalopathy, therefore, should avoid the use of competitive drug and bilirubin. 1.2 Characteristics of pediatric nervous system drugs Imperfect development of the nervous system in children and its cholinergic and adrenergic regulation imbalance, immature blood-brain barrier, for various