新概念一册语法分课解.doc

PAGE  PAGE 21 第1单元 语法一点通（L1-12） Lesson 1 一般疑问句的变法 1. Be 动词的用法：Be妈妈的三个儿子分别是am, is, are. 2. 用法口诀：我用am, 你用are, is跟着他她它，复数全部都用are. eg: I am a teacher. You are a student. He is a boy. She is a girl. It is a cat. We are students. 3. 一般疑问句定义： ⑴用yes或no回答的问句; ⑵以系动词(助动词, 情态动词)开头的问句(近期只学Be动词开头). ⑶译为 “……吗?” 的问句。 eg: Are you a student? Is he a boy? 4. 由肯定句变一般疑问句： 口诀：找到be动词，直接提句首,人称做变化,问号别忘了。（I → you, my → your） eg: ⑴ I am a teacher. → Are you a teacher? ⑵ This is my book. → Is this your book? 5. 多学一手：He is a yes-man. 一个唯唯诺诺的人。 Lesson 3 否定句的变法 1. 1—20的基数词 必须会背写。 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty 2. 肯定句变否定句： 口诀：找到be动词，后面加not. eg: This is a book. → This is not a book. I am a teacher. → I am not a teacher. 缩写：is not=isn’t /＇iznt/ are not=aren’t /a:nt/ 注意： 简约回答的肯定式不能用缩写，如：Yes, I am / he is / they are 等。 Lesson 5 1. 询问国籍： He is Chinese. (对画线部分提问) → What nationality is he? 2. 介绍两个陌生人互相认识，只能用This is + 姓名。 eg: This is Li Ming. 3. 选择疑问句：(副课语法) 结构：一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句(后句中与前句相同部分常被省略)+? 助动词+主语+（…）+选择项A+选择项B+？ 语调：前句读升调, 后句读降调. 回答：不用yes或no，而用完整句子回答，有时为简约，也可直接说出选择项作为回答。 eg: Is she Chinese or Japanese? She is Chinese. 4. 何时用a或an? 口诀：不见原因(元音音素)不施恩(n)，见了原因就施恩(n)。 eg: a book an apple Lesson 7 特殊疑问句 1. 定义：就句中某部分提问的句子，就叫特殊疑问句。 2. 构成：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+ ？ 它与一般疑问句的区别：特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答。 3. 练习：⑴ He is a worker. (对画线部分提问) → ①What’s his job? ②What is he? ⑵ He is Japanese. (对画线部分提问) → What nationality is he? Lesson 9 形容词 1. 记住下列反义词：fat—thin; tall—short; dirty—clean; hot—cold; old—young; busy—lazy 2. 形容词的基本用法 ⑴ 作“表语” eg: ①He is fat. ②That policeman is tall. ⑵ 作“定语” eg: ①He is a fat boy. ②That is a tall policeman. 3. 多学一手： ①I’m in hot water. 有麻烦了。 ②He’s a cold fish. 冷酷无情的人。 Lesson 11 1. whose 的用法： ⑴作“定语” ⑵对所有格提问 eg: ⑴ Whose book is this? (who