Enrichment of fetal cells in maternal blood and its application in prenatal diagnosis.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 11 Enrichment of fetal cells in maternal blood and its application in prenatal diagnosis Amniocentesis and Chorion drawing is commonly used in prenatal diagnostic techniques, but its operation has a traumatic, can lead to intrauterine infection, rupture of membranes, miscarriage, fetal malformation or death [1]. The establishment of non-invasive method of prenatal diagnosis to reduce the risk of prenatal diagnosis, prenatal diagnosis is a major issue. Since 50 years, from the fetal cells found in peripheral blood of pregnant women, the scholars began to pay attention of these cells in the prenatal diagnosis of the value, but technical conditions, this non-invasive diagnostic methods has been slow. Until the mid-80s, with the fetal cell separation technology has matured and molecular biology, cell technology, the rapid development of genetic diagnosis, the prenatal diagnosis have a new breakthrough and become the past decade a number of academic researchers hot spots, are summarized below. A fetal cell growth and decline of the characteristics and laws of 1.1 Types Currently isolated from maternal blood to the fetal trophoblastic cells, lymphocytes and nucleated red blood cells (NRBC). Due to trophoblastic bulky, easy to stay in the lung tissue; lymphocytes occurs late, the survival time of long (six months to 27 years), in the next pregnancy women’s blood can be repeated [2], its application of limited value. NRBC was optimal for prenatal diagnosis of fetal cells, it has the following characteristics: (1) may occur during early pregnancy, short life (less than 90 days), to facilitate early diagnosis [3]; (2) to express a special The antigen composition, to facilitate enrichment; (3) can occur hemoglobin response to a special, easy to identify [4]; (4) to carry the fetus full genome, to facilitate analysis of genetics and molecular biology. 1.2 antigen Fetal cell antigen is identified, the biological basis of enriched feta