深圳大学电子科学与技.pptVIP

3.3 谱线加宽和线型函数;由于各种因素的影响，自发辐射并不是单色的，即光谱不是单一频率的光波，而包含有一个频率范围，称为谱线加宽。 P(?)是描述自发辐射功率按频率分布的函数。在总功率P中，分布在?~?+d?范围内的光功率为P(?)d? ，数学表示为;引入谱线的线型函数 满足归一化条件 线型函数在?=?0时有最大值，并在 时下降到最大值的一半，即 按上式定义的??称为谱线宽度。;Lineshape function;We can consequently view as the a priori probability that a given spontaneous emission from level 2 to level 1 will result in a photon whose frequency is between ? and ?+d?. The separation ?? between the two frequencies at which the lineshape function is down to half its peak value is referred to as the linewidth.;Another method of determining is to appl