Nitric oxide and organ protection of ischemic preconditioning on the mechanisms.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 10 Nitric oxide and organ protection of ischemic preconditioning on the mechanisms Keywords:: ischemic preconditioning of nitric oxide Abstract In this paper, ischemic preconditioning (ischemic preconditioning, IPC) of the organ and its relationship with the protective mechanism of nitric oxide (NO) overview of the relationship. Of ‘ischemic preconditioning’ and has been officially named 12 years (1), right knowledge and study of this phenomenon has been developing in depth. Although ischemic preconditioning (IPC) of the specific mechanism is not entirely clear, but it includes at least three components: (1) to stimulate complex; (2) medium; (3) effector. NO as a biological body’s structure, the simplest one of the endogenous signaling molecules with other signaling molecules such as hormones, cytokines, growth factors, active peptides, quenching of common neurotransmitters regulate a variety of physiological functions in vivo. Some data indicate that, NO is also involved in the protection process. 1.IPC phenomenon and concept of In 1986, Reimer and so do the dog’s heart experiments found that repeated brief ischemia (5 minutes) and reperfusion (5 minutes) caused by the consumption of myocardial ATP is not cumulative, but an area of myocardial necrosis can be reduced by 25%, but the followed by continuous ischemia (40 minutes) is caused by severe ATP depletion and cell death. Murry et al (1) of this phenomenon is defined as the IPC, namely: the organization after a brief repetition of ischemia, can increase its tolerance to ischemia. As many scholars transient ischemia and reperfusion of the time and frequency on the extent of cell injury research. 2.IPC Classification In 1993, Murry and other first discovered, in addition to the immediate protective effect of the above-mentioned addition, IPC also delayed protective effect of the so-called ‘second window of protection’. From this, IPC protection was ‘double peak’ phase, that is cl