Novel βlactam antibiotics and its characteristics.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 15 Novel βlactam antibiotics and its characteristics [Keywords:]-lactam antibiotics, synthesis of new β  Since Fleming reported in 1929 shortly after the antibacterial effect of penicillin, antibiotic drugs antibiotic era began. 70 Over the years, various antibiotics, widely used in clinical for human health has made great contributions. However, due to the excessive use of antibiotics, many antibiotics inactivated enzyme (eg, narrow-band, broad-spectrum, ultra-broad-spectrum, the metal β  lactamases, cephalosporins enzymes) generation, as well as the role of antimicrobial drug target site changes, penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) of the change, the decline in drug permeability resulted in many bacteria has come early antibiotic resistance and therefore can not play their due role. Thus, drug chemists spent a lot of energy and funds for research and development of new antibiotics, the most accomplished of course ought to β  lactam antibiotics. As the oldest of antibiotics, β  lactam After nearly 80 years of development, whether it is the structure of drugs or antibacterial effects have undergone great changes. By changing the side chain, penicillin has increased from the instability of the natural narrow-spectrum penicillin antibiotic developed a broad-spectrum, potent, anti-enzyme, acid a new semi-synthetic penicillin and cephalosporins from the first generation to the second , third and fourth generation. A new generation of β  lactam antibiotics is characterized by the largest structure to become more complicated, but acid and β  lactamase stability has increased, considerable developments have antibacterial spectrum, antibacterial activity has also been greatly improved. In recent years, many medicines are chemists are committed to changing the β  lactam antibiotics, the parent ring structure was found to have new features antibiotics. Following the tradition of containing 6  APA, 7  ACA, 7  ADCA nucleus o