Nuclear receptor superfamily and its auxiliary regulator of the research.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 12 Nuclear receptor superfamily and its auxiliary regulator of the research Author: Zhang Yan, Qin Qin, Zhou degree of gold, Chen Bin, Chen Min [Keywords:] nuclear receptor; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator; nuclear receptor auxiliary suppressor Nuclear receptor (nuclear receptor, NR) are a class of widely distributed in vivo, ligand-dependent transcription factor, a number of its members constitute a large family can be divided into three main categories: steroid hormone receptors, non-steroid hormone receptors and orphan nuclear receptor. Nuclear receptor with the corresponding ligand and its auxiliary regulator interaction, the coordination of regulation of gene expression, resulting in body growth and development, metabolism, cell differentiation and in vivo in many physiological processes play an important role. Nuclear receptor dysfunction will lead to a series of diseases such as cancer, infertility, obesity and diabetes mellitus. Nuclear receptor binding can be modified by the drug design of small molecules, which control-related diseases such as cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes. They are promising targets for drug design. Therefore, the search for orphan receptor ligands and signaling pathways become a very interesting area of research. The structure of a nuclear receptor Nuclear receptors have a common structure, which is divided into six parts, the typical structure of [1], namely A, B, C, D, E, and F area. N terminal (A / B area), highly variable, with at least one active ligand itself has a non-dependent transcriptional activation domain (AF1), A / B domain of varying length, from less than 50 to 500 number of amino acid composition. Nuclear receptor C region is the most conservative districts, namely, DNA binding domain (DBD), DBD area contains two highly conserved zinc finger structures [2]: CX2CX13CX2C (zinc-finger Ⅰ ) and CX5CX9CX2C (zinc finger Ⅱ ). Each zinc finger structure is composed of four cysteine and central parts o