高中语文必修1至5文言知识.docxVIP

人教版高中语文（必修一至必修五）文言文知识点总结 《烛之武退秦师》知识点 一．一词多义?????????_________________ ?1、?“之”  ①公从之_________________ ?②许之??_________________ ?③将焉取之_________________ ?④子犯请击之_________________ ???⑤臣之壮也，犹不如人_________________ ???⑥邻之厚，君之薄也_________________ ???⑦行李之往来，共其乏困_________________  ?2、???“以”“而”  ①吾不能早用子，今急而求之，是寡人之过也_________________ ?②敢以烦执事_________________ ???③越国以鄙远_________________ ???④因人之力而敝之_________________ ???⑤以乱易整，不武_________________  ??3、?“焉”  ①子亦有不利焉_________________ ②焉用亡郑以陪邻_________________ ③朝济而夕设版焉_________________ ④将焉取之_________________?????????  4、“其” ①以其???礼于晋_________________②君知其难也_________________③吾其还也_________________ ???注：思考练习三中“若、说、辞、鄙、微”自己整理到积累本上。 ???二．通假字?  ①今老矣，无能为也已_________________ ?②行李之往来，共其乏困_________________ ???③秦伯说????????????_________________ ???④失其所与，不知???_________________  ??三．词类活  ??①晋军函陵、秦军汜南_________________ ???②既东封郑??????????_________________ ???③若不阙秦??????????_________________ ???④因人之力而敝之，不仁_________________ ???⑤越国以鄙远?????????_________________ ???⑥若亡郑而有益于君??_________________ ???⑦烛之武退秦师??????_________________  ???四．古今异义 ???①夫人：古义：_________________今义：_________________ ???②行李?：古义：_________________今义：_________________????????????????????????????????????????? ???五．特殊句式????????????????????????????????????  A．以其无礼于晋_________________ B.?若亡郑而有益于君_________________ ???C.佚之狐言于郑伯?_________________ ????D.晋军函陵,秦军汜南_________________ ??E．辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；________________ ??F．敢以烦执事_________________ ?G\?夫晋，何厌之有_________________?  ???????????????????????????????????????? ? 《荆轲刺秦王》文言知识点小结 一、通假字  1.秦王必说见臣_________________ 2.日以尽矣??????_________________ 3.今日往而不反者?_________________ 4.?燕王诚振怖大王之威_________________ 5.荆轲奉樊於期头函????_________________ 6.图穷而匕首见???????_________________ 7.秦王还柱而走???_________________ 8.卒起不意?卒惶急无以击轲_______________  二、古今异义  1.樊将军以穷困来归丹_________________ 2.仰天太息流涕?????_________________ 3.丹不忍以己之私，而伤长者之意_______________ 4.今有一言，可以解燕国之患_________________ 5.持千金之币物?????_________________ 6.秦王方还柱走?????_________________ 7.诸郎中执兵???????_________________