Prevention and treatment of chemotherapy extravasation and nursing.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 7 Prevention and treatment of chemotherapy extravasation and nursing Intravenous chemotherapy in the course of leakage to the venous an accident, but is frequently encountered clinical problem, in the event, can lead to local skin and soft tissue non-specific inflammation, manifested as mild erythema, local pain, swelling, local tissue necrosis, the formation of indurated, more seriously, prolonged diseases, ulcers can be deep and tendon and joint, can not heal. so take active preventive measures and appropriate nursing is of great significance. 1 Prevention of chemotherapy extravasation 1.1 The administration of chemotherapy must be made by a trained professional nurses perform. In the choice of drug delivery through, you must understand the role of various drugs in the local stimulation, the strong stimulation drugs such as doxorubicin, vinorelbine and so avoid leakage in the skin. 1.2 Select the appropriate vein: the right to choose the vein, there are plans to use the vein. Easy for lower extremity venous thrombosis, in addition to the superior vena cava, the inappropriate use of venous injection, most likely puncture should choose a large forearm vein, not to close to the tendons, ligaments, joints, etc. puncture to prevent local damage caused by intravenous injection. should be avoided in a subcutaneous vascular or shower Basso on the part of the pathophysiology of venous puncture point selection, such as the body has done radiotherapy, breast affected limb after surgery, lymphedema and other parts of venipuncture should not be implemented. It should also be avoided within 24 hours, venous puncture had to re-puncture the bottom of the puncture site to prevent chemotherapy drugs from a previous puncture site extravasation. 1.3 The use of chemotherapy, intravenous catheter as far as possible, the use of catheter choice Straight and elastic blood vessels. Catheters for catheter vascular injury of soft, hard,