Progress in islet transplantation.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 17 Progress in islet transplantation [Keywords:] islet transplantation diabetes Diabetes is caused by a variety of islet -cell dysfunction or failure, resulting in absolute or relative deficiency of insulin, the body glucose metabolism disorders occur and cause multiple organ damage in an endocrine metabolic disease. Almost all type 1 diabetes and some patients with type 2 diabetes, exogenous insulin need to be applied to control blood sugar, to the patient’s life a lot of inconvenience. since it launched the first human islet transplantation, along with the islet isolation and purification technology continues to improve, and Edmonton programs [1] The birth of the islet transplantation in clinical application and popularization of a reality, but still faces enormous challenges. the writer’s progress in the study of islet transplantation are summarized below. 1, the development of islet transplantation Although pancreas transplantation can effectively control glucose metabolism and improve quality of life, due to the lack of donor defects and the surgical trauma, so that application was extremely restricted. And islet transplantation is safe and easy with few complications, repeat transplantation, immunosuppression dosage is small, can achieve a similar therapeutic effect of pancreas transplantation, clinical treatment is easy to promote. In 1894, British doctors using some of the sheep Williams and Harsant pancreas transplanted into the subcutaneous component method for treating ketoacidosis occurred in 1 case of 15-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes. Although the occurrence of rejection and graft failure very quickly, but creating a pancreatic islet transplantation in the history of .1976 used in clinical islet transplantation, the 20th century, 80’s, islet isolation and purification of rapid development emerged .2000, Canada Edmonton Alberta University’s James Shapiro led the research team to explore the islet transplanta