RNA interference therapy in breast cancer research progress.doc

RNA interference therapy in breast cancer research progress Of: WANG Ming Wang Wenjing Song is so Keywords: RNA interference; gene therapy; breast cancer RNA interference (RNAi) phenomenon is endogenous or exogenous double-stranded RNA (double stranded RNA, dsRNA)-mediated intracellular degradation of homologous mRNA with specificity, leading to target gene silencing, to produce functional phenotype missing. This phenomenon is post-transcriptional gene silencing (posttranscriptional gene silencing, PTGS) mechanism. RNAi is a widespread phenomenon in the ancient biosphere, is the organism against invasion of viruses or other foreign DNA and maintain genetic stability in their own protective mechanisms, including humans, is lower eukaryotes to mammals from the naturally occurring gene silencing mechanism, and the inhibition efficiency of target gene expression than antisense high, duration is also longer, with unique advantages and wide application 1. 1998 Fire 2 and his companions in C. elegans since the phenomenon of RNAi was first discovered, one after another has been reported in other plants and fruit flies are also found in various biological RNAi phenomenon. RNAi is now widely recognized that the body cells a powerful mechanism for gene regulation. RNAi technology is basically a typical family of any mRNA has a very high success rate 3. However, in mammalian cells exogenous macromolecules dsRNA (gt; 30 bases) often leads to non-specific gene silencing effect, because it activates RNase caused non-specific RNA degradation, in 2001 confirmed such Elbashir 4 RNAi in mammalian cells there is the phenomenon of RNAi mediated by small interfering intermediate material is RNA (siRNA), siRNA is less than 30 bp do not activate RNase, but by way of induction of sequence-specific gene silencing effect RNAi applied to mammals and opened the new chapter in human studies. 1 RNAi mechanism The role of RNAi mechanism between species although there are diff