2016第5部分定语从句的译法浅析.pptVIP

第五部分 定语从句的译法;前置定语;1、介词短语 2、形容词(或其短语) 3、非限定词（不定时、现在分词、过去分词） 4、定语从句 5、同位语从句;1、介词短语作后置定语;? The presence of a substituent group in benzene plays a profound control over orientation of the entering substituent． 苯中取代基的存在对进入取代基团的方位起着强有力的控制作用。;2、形容词(或其短语)作后置定语;? Hydrocarbons that do not contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible are called unsaturated hydrocarbons． 不含有最大可能氢原子数的烃叫不饱和烃。;3、不定时、现在分词、过去分词;? substituted group 若substitute为及物动词，则译为“被取代的基团” 若substitute为不及物动词，则译为“取代了的基团”，即“取代基”（表示动作已经完成） ---根据上下文决定;? The air is a material containing many kinds of gases. 空气是含有许多气体的一种物质。 (现在分词短语作后置定语);4、定语从句作后置定语 ;限、非限;(1) 译成含“的”字定语——限定从句;? Compounds have very different appearances from the element of which they are made. 化合物的形态与构成它们的元素极大不相同。;? One may already have some idea of the material with which organic chemistry deals，but he may not know the extent to which organic chemistry touches on our everyday life． 也许有人已经对有机化学所涉及的物质有所了解，但是他可能并不知道有机化学触及我们日常生活已达到什么样的程度。 dealing with – about – on -- involving; 限制性定语从句省略了关系词，翻译时也同样采用合译法译成定语。如： The rate at which the molecules move depends upon the energy they have． 分子运动的速率取决于它们所具有的能量。(省略了关系代词which或 that);(2)译成表示同等关系的并列分句; ? Between these two tiny particles，the proton and the electron，there is a powerful attraction that always present between negative and positive electric charges． 在质子和电子这两个微粒之间有一个很大的吸引力，而这个吸引力总是存在于正、负电荷之间。;? There are some metals which possess the power to conduct electricity and ability to be magnetized． 某些金属不但/既能导电，而且/又能被磁化。;(3) 译成表示转折的并列分句;(4) 译成状语从句;? The considerable success of these studies has brought a theoretical unity to the whole field of organic chemistry which has the effect of making its principles easier to teach and to learn． 这些研究的重大成就给有机化学的整个领域带来了理论上的统一，从而使有机化学原理的教和学变得较为容易。 (表结果) ;(5) 以as引导的限制性定语从句;the same…as;非限制性定语从句译法;? We have seen many chemical changes，from which physical changes are different． 我们见过许多化学变化，它们和物理变化不同. (which译成“它们”);? Zinc can react with dilute hydrochlor