TGF-β1-Smads signaling pathway fibrosis and acute lung injury research.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 16 TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway fibrosis and acute lung injury research Acute respiratory distress syndrome (Acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS) is secondary to infection, shock, injury and other pathological clinical syndrome was severe acute lung injury (acute lung injury, ALI). Some studies reported in the cause of death in ARDS is difficult to control about 40% of pulmonary fibrosis -70% [1], while fibrosis in lung injury in participating in the network of cytokines, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is the most important cytokines. Smads are cytoplasmic TGF-β1 important signal transduction molecules, Smads family of the current study is a hot topic because of its right to clarify TGF-β1 and fibrosis in acute lung injury has opened up new avenues. Accordingly, it is this paper, TGF-β1 and Smads signal pathway in the role of fibrosis in acute lung injury research are reviewed. 1 TGF-β1-Smads signaling pathway Overview 1.1 TGF-β isoforms: TGF-β1 was first used by Delaro and Todaro in 1978, the study found during the virus-transformed cells, the mammalian body are mainly three kinds of subtypes, namely, TGF-β1, 2 and 3. TGF-β in wound healing in different subtypes of the same role. Such as TGF-β1, 2 contribute to the formation of scar tissue, TGF-β3 has anti-scarring effect. 2.2 TGF-β activation: TGF-β secreted, must be activated in order to play the effect that the TGF precursor molecules LTGF must be activated for the mature form of TGF-β binding to the receptor, and then activate the signal transduction pathway. Different from most other hormones, the mature TGF-β in the secretion remain with it after the ex-covalently bound peptide, the mature TGF-β form of this compound can not be the signal receptor recognition, therefore referred to as TGF - pre-β peptide. Potentially related peptide (LAP) and latent TGF-β binding protein (LTBP) through disulfide bonds covalently bound, LTBP is conducive