Effects of Medium Constituents on Growth and Canthinone Accumulation in Cell Suspension Cultures of Eurycoma longifolia Jack.docVIP

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, June 2009, p 69-77 ISSN: 1978-3019 Vol. 16, No. 2 EffectsofMediumConstituentsonGrowthandCanthinoneAccumulation inCellSuspensionCulturesofEurycomalongifoliaJack , BOEY PENG LIM LUTHFI AZIZ MAHMUD SIREGAR1?, CHAN LAI KENG2 3 1 Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan 20155, Indonesia 2 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia 3 School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia Received January 12, 2009/Accepted July 3, 2009 The effect of various macronutrients, micronutrients and sucrose on growth and canthinone alkaloid production in cell suspension cultures of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) was investigated. The optimum macronutrients and micronutrients content for the high alkaloid production of E. longifolia Jack was different to that found in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The highest amount of alkaloids, 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one and 9-methoxycanthin-6-one, could be obtained from E. longifolia Jack cells cultured in modified MS liquid medium that containing macronutrients: 21.50 mM NH NO , 14.25 mM KNO , 7.50 mM CaCl ·2H O, 2.50 mM MgSO ·7H O, 1.45 mM KH PO , while content of micronutrients 4 3 3 2 2 4 2 2 4 was 0.233 mM FeNa-EDTA, 0.215 mM MnSO ·4H O and without CuSO ·5H O. Increased sucrose concentration to 4.00% 4 2 4 2 (w/v) in modified MS liquid medium could increase total of two-alkaloid. The modification of macronutrients and micronutrients concentration based the optimum production of biomass was obtained MSBs medium that producing high biomass but also increasing the production of 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one. The modification of macronutrients or macronutrients and micronutrients based the optimum total of two-alkaloid was obtained MSC and MSD medium that producing low fresh weight but producing the high