AdvancedPlacementChemistry1983FreeResponseAnswers.docVIP

Advanced Placement Chemistry: 1983 Free Response Answers [delta] and [sigma] are used to indicate the capital Greek letters. [square root] applies to the numbers enclosed in parenthesis immediately following All simplifying assumptions are justified within 5%. One point deduction for a significant figure or math error, applied only once per problem. No credit earned for numerical answer without justification. 1) a) two points n = 3.509 g ÷ 135.0 g/mol P = (nRT) / V = [(0.02600 mol) (0.08205 L atm molˉ1 Kˉ1) (375 K)] / 1.00 L P = 0.800 atm b) three points PSO2Cl2 = 0.800 atm - y atm PSO2 = PCl2 = y atm Ptot = PSO2Cl2 + PSO2 + PCl2 1.43 atm = 0.800 atm - y + y + y (by substitution) PSO2 = PCl2 = y = 0.63 atm PSO2Cl2 = 0.800 - 0.63 = 0.17 atm c) three points Kp = (PSO2 x PCl2) / PSO2Cl2 Kp = (0.63 atm)2 / 0.17 atm Kp = 2.3 atm Alternative approach in (b) and (c) is to determine the number of moles of each species, then molarity, and finally Kc. nSO2Cl2 = 0.0260 - z nSO2 = nCl2 = z mol ntot = nSO2Cl2 + nSO2 + nCl2 ntot = PV / RT = (1.43 atm x 1.00 L) / (0.08205 L atm molˉ1 Kˉ1 x 375 K) ntot = 0.0465 mol = 0.0260 - z + z + z nCl2 = nSO2 = z = 0.0205 mol nSO2Cl2 = 0.0260 - 0.0205 = 0.00550 mol Kc = ([SO2] [Cl2] ) / [SO2Cl2] Kc = [0.0205]2 / [0.0055] Kc = 0.076 M d) one point An endothermic process absorbs heat during dissociation so K500 K375 or a stress is placed upon the system and K increases in order to remove the stress. A maximum of 1 point was deducted for math for unit errors or for reporting an unreasonable number of significant figures. This same procedure was also used for Problems 2 and 3. 2) a) two points [delta]G° = [sigma] [delta]Gf° (prod) - [sigma] [delta]Gf° (react) [delta]G° = - 166.2 - (- 137.3 + 2 (0)) [delta]G° = -28.9 KJ/mol b) two points [delta]G° = - RT ln K (or - 2.3 RT log K) - 28.9 = - ( 8.31 x 10ˉ3) (298) ln K ln K = 11.67 K = 1.17 x 105 c) two points [delta]G° = [delta]H° - T [delta]S° - 28,900 = -128,100