StressonAorticAneurysms-Electrical,Computer.pptVIP

Stress on Aortic Aneurysms University of Rhode Island Biomedical Engineering Kasey Tipping Overview What/Where/ Why/ Who How is it diagnosed? Treatment Surgery Benefits of a 3-Dimensional Model Effects of the Study Sources What? Aorta : The largest artery in the body, extends from the heart to the lower abdomen Aneurysm: localized blood filled dilation, causes weakening of the artery wall If this occurs : it causes discomfort, could rupture (severe pain) in which case death could result Where? The aneurysms occur in the thoracic and abdominal regions (90%) of the aorta Abdominal: Start off as asymptomatic, leads to pain in the abdomen and back (AAA) Thoracic: more evident, chest pain, cough, shortness of breath Tend to be spindle shaped Why? Arterioclerosis: hardening of the arteries (80%); Post-trauma: physical trauma to aorta Genetic disease/ hereditary: rare inheritable disease of connective tissue (Ehlers-Danlos or Marfan’s) Infection: syphilis or endocarditis Risk factors Smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, age How is it Diagnosed? MRI, Ultrasound, CT scan Treatment Larger Aneurysms (5.5cm) Surgery: physically capable or whether it can be postponed Smaller Aneurysms (5.5cm) Beta blockers (high blood pressure and cholesterol meds) Both: No smoking, exercise, heart-healthy diet Surgery Open heart surgery Major surgery Low to average risk patients Sewing in a synthetic tube Endovascular Stent Graft Minimally invasive Guiding a wire carrying a catheter from the femoral artery to the aneurysm, and a fabric tube is fitted in place to reinforce the walls Benefits of a 3-Dimensional Model Peak wall stress = Rupture point 2-D 3-D The Study 5 patients with AAA Three constitutive models: two anisotropic ( 12) and one isotropic Used to model the mechanical behavior of the aneurysmal wall CT scan, calculations, MATLAB, outcome Results Isotr