Anthropometric and Micronutrient Status of School-Children in an Urban West Africa Setting A Cross-Sectional Study in Dakar (Senegal).docVIP

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Anthropometric and Micronutrient Status of School-Children in an Urban West Africa Setting A Cross-Sectional Study in Dakar (Senegal).doc

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Anthropometric and Micronutrient Status of School-Children in an Urban West Africa Setting A Cross-Sectional Study in Dakar (Senegal)

AnthropometricandMicronutrientStatusof School-ChildreninanUrbanWestAfricaSetting:A Cross-SectionalStudyinDakar(Senegal) MarionFiorentino1*,GuillaumeBastard1,MalickSembe`ne2,SoniaFortin3,PierreTraissac3, EdwigeLandais3,Christe`leIcard-Vernie`re3,FrankT.Wieringa3,JacquesBerger3 1GroupedeRechercheetd’EchangesTechnologiques(GRET),Dakar,Senegal,2DivisionduContro?leMe′dicalScolaire(DCMS),Ministe`re del’EducationNationale,Dakar, Senegal,3InstitutdeRecherchepourleDe′veloppement(IRD),UMR204Nutripass,IRD-UM2-UM1,Montpellier,France Abstract Background:UrbanareasinWestAfricaarenotimmunetoundernutritionwithrecenturbanizationandhighfoodprices beingimportantfactors.Schoolchildrenoftenhaveapoornutritionalstatus,potentiallyaffectingtheirhealthandschooling performance.Yet,generallyschoolchildrendonotbenefitfromnutritionprograms.Theobjectiveofthestudywastoassess theanthropometricandmicronutrientstatusofchildrenfromstateschoolsintheDakararea. Methods: School children (n=604) aged from 5 to 17y (52.5% girls, 47.5% $10y) were selected through a two-stage randomclustersampleofchildrenattendingurbanprimarystateschoolsintheDakararea(30schools620children).The prevalenceofstunting(height-for-age,22z-scores)andthinness(BMI-for-age,22z-scores,WHO2006,andthreegrades of thinness corresponding to BMI of 18.5, 17.0 and 16.0kg/m2 in adults) were calculated from weight and height. Hemoglobin,plasmaconcentrationsofferritin(FER),transferrinreceptors(TfR),retinolbindingprotein(RBP),andzinc,and urinaryiodineconcentrationsweremeasured.CorrectionfactorswereusedforFERandRBPinsubjectswithinflammation determinedwithC-reactiveproteinanda1-acid-glycoprotein. Results: 4.9%ofchildrenwerestunted,18.4%werethin,5.6%hadsevere thinness(BMI-for-age,23z-scores).Onlyone childhadaBMI-for-age.2z-scores.Prevalenceofanemia,irondeficiencyandirondeficiencyanemiawas14.4%,39.1%and 10.6%respectively.3.0%hadvitaminAdeficiency,35.9%amarginalvitaminAstatus,and25.9%zincdeficiency.Urinary iodinewas,50mg/Lin7.3%ofchildren